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KMID : 0351619680090020079
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Kyungpook Medical Journal
1968 Volume.9 No. 2 p.79 ~ p.89
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Nephrotoxic Effects of Acute Analgesic-Antipyretics Intoxication in Rats
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Abstract
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Acute nefrotoxic effects of sodium salicylate, acetylsalicylic acid, and phenacetin alone and in combination with sodium salicylate or acetylsalicylic acid were studied in albino rats.
In this study histopathologic examination of the kidney and liver, measurements of NPN and creatinine levels in the blood and urinalysis were made. The results were as follows.
1. All the rats which received 400 mg/kg of sodium salicylate showed minimal to moderate necrosis in the proximal convoluted tubular epithelium and minimal infiltration of inflammatory cells and proliferative changes of connective tissue in the renal stroma. ´However this histological changes were not observed in 200 mg/kg fed group. In the liver cells, cloudy swelling and minimal to moderate decrease in glycogen ~vere observed in both groups.
2. In the acute acetylsalicylic acid intoxication group (500 mg/kg and 700 mg/kg), about a half of the animals showed minimal cloudy swelling of the proximal convoluted tubules and tubular castsbut no epithelial necrosis of urinary tubule was< found in. all the cases. A few rats showed minimal infiltrat´.ion of inflammatory cells and proliferation . of connective tissue in the renal stroma. Minimal to moderate degree of cloudy swelling and decrease of glycogen in liver cells were found in all the rats
3. In the acute phenacetin intoxication group (1000 m~;/kg), minimal degree of epithelial necrosis of proximal convoluted tubules was found in one case,. Minimal degree of cloudy swelling of the proximal convoluted tubular epithelium and infiltration of inflammatory cells and proliferation of connective tissue in stroma were prevailing findings in most of the cases. The liver tissue showed minimal to moderate degree of cloudy swelling and a decrease in glycogen.
4. In the group of aGUte intoxicatior. with phenacetin and sodium salicylate(1000 mg/kg o_` phenacetin and 400mg/kg of sodium salicylate), necrosis of the proximal convoluted tubular epithelium of the kidney was found in all the rats. And about a half of t]ze rats that received 500 mg/kg of phen-acetin and 200 mg/kg of sodium salicylate showed the similar findings. Comparing the finding with that of sodium salicylate fed group, the necrosis of the urinary tubular epithelium induced by sodium salicylate appeared to be aggravated by combination of phenacetin.
In one of the rats which received 1, 000 mg/kg of phenacetin and 400 mg/kg of sodium salicylate, severe pyelonephritis was seen.
5. Pathologrcal changes of the kidney and liverin the group of acute intoxication with phenacetin and Modium salicylate were similar to those of phenacetin group.
6. No significantretention of blood NPN or creatinine was observed in all the experimental groups e.:cept a slight increase of creatinine in sodium salicylate fed group.
Minimal to moderate amount of protein appeared in the urine of about a half of rats in each experime:atal group.
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